FLFVBFYBC EAKT<FSF CF>JDTKSFJ LTRKFHFWBF
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dbyfblfy flfvbfysf j]f[bc .dtkf otdhbcfsdbc lfvf[fcbfst,tkb
qbhct,bc lf sfyfcojhb lf ufye.jatkb eakt,t,bc fqbfht,f ofhvjflutyc
sfdbceakt,bc7 cfvfhskbfyj,bc lf cf.jdtksfj vidblj,bc cfae'dtkc9 lf
dbyfblfy flfvbfybc eakt,fsf euekt,tk.jafv lf f,exfl fult,fv
ufvjbodbf ,fh,fhjcekb fmnt,b7 hfw fqfiajst,c rfwj,hbj,bc cbylbcc7 lf
hjv bctsb vcjakbjc itmvyf7 hjvtkibw flfvbfyt,c tmyt,fs cbn.dbcf lf
hovtybc sfdbceakt,f lf hjvtkibw bcbyb bw[jdht,ty ibibcf lf
ufzbhdt,bc ufhtit7 ufvjw[flt,ekbf hjujhw flfvbfysf vfqfkb
vbcohfat,f9 lf
dbyfblfy fewbkt,tkbf eakt,t,c bwfdltc rfyjybc 'fkf bvbc
epheydtkcf.jafl7 hfsf flfvbfyb b'ekt,ekb fh uf[ltc vbvfhsjc
f]fy.t,fc7 hjujhw erfyfcrytk cfiefkt,fc nbhfybbcf lf xfudhbc
obyffqvltu9 lf
dbyfblfy fewbkt,tkbf [tkbc ito.j,f [fk[fsf ijhbc vtuj,hek
ehsbthsj,fsf ufydbsfht,bcfsdbc9 lf
dbyfblfy ufthsbfyt,ekb tht,bc [fk[t,vf otclt,fib lfflfcnehtc
sfdbfysb hovtyf flfvbfybc 'bhbsflb eakt,t,bcflvb7 flfvbfybc gbhjdyt,bc
qbhct,bcf lf qbht,ekt,bc lf rfwt,bcf lf mfkt,bc
sfyfcojheakt,bfyj,bcflvb lf uflfo.dbntc [tkb iteo.jy cjwbfkeh
ghjuhtccf lf w[jdht,bc ertstc ljytc vtnb sfdbceakt,bc gbhj,t,ib9 lf
dbyfblfy otdhvf cf[tkvobajt,vf brbchtc dfklt,ekt,f
ufthsbfyt,ekb tht,bc jhufybpfwbfcsfy sfyfvihjvkj,fib [tkb iteo.jy
flfvbfybc eakt,fsf lf 'bhbsfl sfdbceakt,fsf cf.jdtksfj
gfnbdbcwtvfcf lf lfwdfc9 lf
dbyfblfy fcts eakt,fsf lf sfdbceakt,fsf cf.jdtksfj ufut,fc
elbltcb vybidytkj,f fmdc fv dfklt,ekt,bc vskbfyfl itchekt,bcfsdbc7
UTYTHFKEHB FCFV<KTF FW{FLT<C
flfvbcfybc eakt,fsf fv cf.jdtksfj ltrkfhfwbfc bcts fvjwfyfl7
hjvkbc itchekt,fc eylf tkndjltc .dtkf [fk[b lf cf[tkvobaj7 hfsf
.jdtkb flfvbfyb lf cfpjufljt,bc .jdtkb jhufyj7 ybflfu
ufbsdfkbcobyt,c hf fv ltrkfhfwbfc7 vbbcohfajltc cofdkf-ufyfskt,bc
vtidtj,bs [tkb iteo.jc fv eakt,fsf lf sfdbceakt,fsf gfnbdbcwtvfc lf
vfsb cf.jdtksfj lf tatmnbfyb fqbfht,f-ufy[jhwbtkt,bc epheydtk.jafc
yfwbjyfkehb se cfthsfijhbcj ghjuhtcekb qjybc'bt,t,bs hjujhw
jhufybpfwbbc otdh cf[tkvobajsf [fk[t,ib7 fctdt fv cf[tkvobajt,bc
behbclbmwbbcflvb lfmdtvlfht,ek nthbnjhbfsf [fk[t,ib8
ve[kb !8 .dtkf flfvbfyb b,flt,f sfdbceafkb lf sfyfcojhb sfdbcb
qbhct,bsf lf eakt,t,bs8 vfs vbybzt,ekb fmds ujyt,f lf cbylbcb lf
thsvfytsbc vbvfhs eylf bmwtjlyty 'vj,bc cekbcrdtst,bs8

ve[kb @8 fv ltrkfhfwbs ufvjw[flt,ekb .dtkf eakt,f lf .dtkf
sfdbceakt,f vbybzt,ekb eylf /mjyltc .jdtk flfvbfyc ufyehxtdkfl hfbvt
ufyc[dfdt,bc7 cf[tklj,h7 hfcbc7 rfybc athbc7 cmtcbc7 tybc7 htkbubbc7
gjkbnbrehb se c[df hovtybc7 thjdyekb se cjwbfkehb ofhvjvfdkj,bc7
mjyt,hbdb7 ojlt,hbdb se c[df vlujvfhtj,bcf8
ufhlf fvbcf7 lfeidt,tkbf hfbvt ufyc[dfdt,f bv mdt.ybc se
nthbnjhbbc gjkbnbrehb7 cfvfhskt,hbdb fy cfthsfijhbcj cnfnecbc
cfae'dtkpt7 hjvtkcfw flfvbfyb tresdybc7 vbe[tlfdfl bvbcf7 se hjujhbf
tc nthbnjhbf - lfvjerblt,tkb7 cfvtehdtj7 fhfsdbsvvfhsdtkb se
c[dfudfhfl itpqelekb sfdbc ctdthtybntnib8
ve[kb #8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc cbwjw[kbc7 sfdbceakt,bcf lf gbhflb
[tkite[t,kj,bc eakt,f8
ve[kb $8 fhfdby fh eylf bv.jat,jltc vjyj,fib fy 'fkvjvhtj,bs
vjhxbkt,bc vlujvfhtj,fib8 .dtkf cf[bc vjyj,f lf vjyfsdfzhj,f
frh'fkekbf8
ve[kb %8 fhfdbc vbvfhs fh eylf bmytc ufvj.tyt,ekb ofvt,f fy
cfcnbrb7 fhfflfvbfyehb se vbcb qbhct,bc lfvfvwbht,tkb vjg.hj,f lf
cfc]tkb8
ve[kb ^8 .jdtk flfvbfyc7 cflfw eylf bv.jat,jltc bub7 bvbc eakt,f
fmdc7 hjv fqbfht,ek bmytc vbcb cfvfhsfkce,btmnj,f8
ve[kb *8 .dtkf flfvbfyb sfyfcojhbf rfyjybc obyfit lf7 ufyehxtdkfl
hfbvt ufyc[dfdt,bcf7 .dtkfc fmdc eakt,f sfyf,hfl b.jc lfwekb rfyjybc
vbth8 .dtkf flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f sfyf,hfl b.jc lfwekb fv ltrkfhfwbbc
lfvhqdtdb .jdtkudfhb lbcrhbvbyfwbbcfufy lf fctsb lbcrhbvbyfwbbc
.jdtkudfhb ofmtpt,bcfufy8
ve[kb (8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f tatmnbfyfl bmytc fqlutybkb
eakt,t,ib rjvgtntynehb yfwbjyfkehb cfcfvfhskjt,bc vbth bv
itvs[dtdfib7 hjwf lfhqdtekbf vbcsdbc rjycnbnewbbs se rfyjybs
vbybzt,ekb 'bhbsflb eakt,t,b8
ve[kb )8 fhfdbc lfgfnbvht,f7 lfzthf fy uf'tdt,f fh itb'kt,f
sdbsyt,ehfl8
ve[kb !_8 .jdtk flfvbfyc vbc eakt,f-vjdfktj,fsf
ufycfpqdhbcfsdbc lf vbcsdbc of.tyt,ekb cbc[kbccfvfhskt,hbdb
,hfklt,bc cfae'dkbfyj,bc lfcflutyfl fmdc7 chekb sfyfcojhj,bc
cfae'dtkpt7 bvbc eakt,f7 hjv vbcb cfmvt cfmdt.yjl lf cfvfhskbfyj,bc
.dtkf vjs[jdybc lfwdbs uffhxbjc lfvjerblt,tkvf lf vberth'jt,tkvf
cfcfvfhskjv8
ve[kb !!8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc7 hjvtkcfw ,hfkfl tlt,f lfyfifekbc
xfltyf7 eakt,f fmdc bsdkt,jltc elfyfifekjl vfyfv7 cfyfv vbcb

lfvyfifdtj,f lflutybkb fh bmyt,f rfyjybthb otcbcfvt,h cf]fhj
cfcfvfhskj ufy[bkdbs7 hjvkbc lhjcfw vbcsdbc epheydtk.jabkbf
lfwdbc .dtkf itcf'kt,kj,f8 @8 fhfdbc fh itb'kt,f vc]fdhb lftljc
lfyfifekbcfsdbc hfbvt bctsb vjmvtlt,bc xfltybc cfae'dtkpt7 fylf bctsb
evjmvtlj,bcfsdbc7 hjvkt,bw xfltybc lhjc fh itflutylf lfyfifekc
yfwbjyfkehb rfyjybc fy cfthsfijhbcj cfvfhskbc vb[tldbs8 fh itb'kt,f
fuhtsdt eahj v'bvt cfc]tkbc lflt,f7 dblht bc7 hjvtkbw itb'kt,jlf
ufvj.tyt,ekb .jabkb.j bv lhjc7 hjwf xfltybk bmyf lfyfifekb8
ve[kb !@8 !8 fhfdbc vbvfhs fh itb'kt,f sdbsyt,ehb xfhtdf vbc
gbhflcf lf j]f[eh w[jdht,fib7 sdbsyt,ehb [tk.jaf vbcb cfw[jdht,tkb
,bybc [tkite[t,kj,bc7 vbcb rjhtcgjyltywbbc cfblevkjt,bc7fylf vbcb
gfnbdbcf lf htgenfwbbcf8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f lfwekb b.jc
rfyjybc vbth fctsb xfhtdbcf se [tk.jabcfufy8
ve[kb !#8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f lfe,hrjkt,kfl bwdkbltc
flubkcfv.jatkc lf bhxtdltc sfdbc cfw[jdht,tk flubkc .jdtkb
cf[tkvobajc afhukt,ib8 @8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f lfnjdjc .jdtkb
mdt.fyf7 vfs ijhbc sfdbcbw7 lf lf,heyltc sfdc mdt.fyfib8
ve[kb !$8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f t'bjc ltdybcfufy
sfditcfafhb c[df mdt.yt,ib lf bcfhut,kjc fv sfditcfahbs8 @8 tc eakt,f
fh itb'kt,f ufvj.tyt,ek bmytc bctsb ltdybc itvs[dtdfib7 hjvkbc
cfae'dtkc yfvldbkfl ofhvjflutyc xfltyf fhfgjkbnbrehb lfyfifekbcf7
fylf mvtlj,bcf7 hjvtkbw tobyffqvltut,f ufthsbfyt,ekb tht,bc
jhufybpfwbbc vbpyt,cf lf ghbywbgt,c8
ve[kb !%8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc vjmfkfmtj,bc eakt,f8 @8 fhfdbc fh
itb'kt,f sdbsyt,ehfl xfvjthsdfc vjmfkfmtj,f fy eakt,f sfdbcb
vjmfkfmtj,bc itwdkbcf8
ve[kb !^8 !8chekfcfrjdyt,fc vbqotek rfwt,cf lf mfkt,c eakt,f
fmds hfcbc7 thjdyt,bc fy htkbubbc ybiybs hfbvt itpqeldbc ufhtit7
lfmjhobylyty lf j]f[b lffae'yjy8 bcbyb cfhut,kj,ty thsyfbhb
eakt,t,bs lfmjhobyt,bcfc7 mjhobyt,fib .jaybc lhjc lf ufymjhobyt,bcfc8
@8 lfmjhobyt,f itcf'kt,tkbf v[jkjl jhbdt vtmjhobyt v[fhbc
sfdbceafkb lf chekb sfy[vj,bcfc8 #8 j]f[b fhbc cfpjufljt,bc
,eyt,hbdb lf 'bhbsflb e]htlb lf vfc eakt,f fmdc lfwekb b.jc
cfpjufljt,bcf lf cf[tkvobajc v[hbd8
ve[kb !*8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f akj,ltc mjyt,fc hjujhw
thsgbhjdyekfl7 fctdt c[dt,sfy thsfl8 @8 fhfdbc fh eylf xfvjthsdfc
mjyt,f sdbsyt,ehfl8
ve[kb !(8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f fphbc7 cbylbcbcf lf
htkbubbc sfdbceakt,bcf9 tc eakt,f vjbwfdc sfdbceakt,fc sfdbcb
htkbubbc se hovtybc itwdkbcf lf sfdbceakt,fc sfdbcb htkbubbc se
hovtybc fqvcfht,kj,bcf hjujhw thsgbhjdyekfl7 fctdt c[dt,sfy thsfl7

vj'qdht,fib qsdbcvcf[eht,fib lf htkbubeh lf hbnefkeh otc-xdtekt,
fsf itchekt,fib cf]fhj se rth'j otcbs8
ve[kb !)8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f vhofvcbc sfdbceakt,bcf lf
vbcb sfdbceakfl ufvjsmvbcf9 tc eakt,f vjbwfdc flfvbfybc sfdbceakt,fc
lfe,hrjkt,kfl bmjybjc sfdbcb vhofvcb lf t'bjc7 vbbqjc lf uffdhwtkjc
byajhvfwbf lf bltt,b .jdtkudfhb cfiefkt,t,bs lf cf[tkvobaj
cfpqdht,bcfufy lfvjerblt,kfl8
ve[kb @_8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f vidblj,bfyb rht,t,bcf lf
fcjwbfwbt,bc sfdbceakt,bcf8 @8 fhfdbc b'ekt,f fh itb'kt,f hfbvt
fcjwbfwbfib itcfcdktkfl8
ve[kb @!8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f vjyfobktj,ltc sfdbcb
mdt.ybc vfhsdf-ufvutj,fib fy eiefkjl7 fylf sfdbceakfl fhxtek
ofhvjvflutytksf vtidtj,bs8 @8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f sfyf,fh
cfae'dtkpt itdbltc sfdbcb mdt.ybc cf[tkvobaj cfvcf[ehib8 #8 [fk[bc
yt,f eylf b.jc cfae'dtkb vsfdhj,bc 'fkfeakt,bcf9 tc yt,f eylf
ufvjb[fnt,jltc gthbjlek lf ufe.fk,t,tk fhxtdyt,ib7 hjvkt,bw eylf
nfhlt,jltc cf.jdtksfj lf sfyfcojhb cffhxtdyj eakt,bc gbhj,t,ib7
afhekb rtyzbc.hbs7 fylf c[df sfyf,fhvybidytkjdfyb ajhvt,bc vtidtj,bs7
hjvkt,bw epheydtk.jaty [vbc vbwtvbc sfdbceakt,fc8
ve[kb @@8 .jdtk flfvbfyc7 hjujhw cfpjufljt,bc otdhc7 fmdc
cjwbfkehb epheydtk.jabc eakt,f lf eakt,f ufyf[jhwbtkjc
trjyjvbreh7 cjwbfkeh lf reknehek lfhut,ib7 yfwbjyfkehb
vtwflbytj,bcf lf cfthsfijhbcj sfyfvihjvkj,bc vtidtj,bs lf .jdtkb
cf[tkvobajc cnhemnehbcf lf htcehct,bc itcf,fvbcfl7 bc eakt,t,b7
hjvkt,bw fewbkt,tkbf vbcb qbhct,bc ityfhxeyt,bc sfdbceafkb
ufydbsfht,bcfsdbc8
ve[kb @#8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc ihjvbc7 cfveifjc sfdbceafkb
fhxtdbc7 ihjvbc cfvfhskbfyb lf [tkcf.htkb gbhj,t,bc lf
eveitdhj,bcfufy lfwdbc eakt,f8 @8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f sfyf,fhb
ihjvbc sfyf,hfl fyfpqfeht,bcf .jdtkudfhb lbcrhbvbyfwbbc ufhtit8 #8
.jdtk veifrc fmdc eakt,f bqt,ltc cfvfhskbfycf lf lfvfrvf.jabkt,tk
ufcfvh]tkjc7 hjvtkbw epheydtk.jac qbhctek flfvbfyeh fhct,j,fc
sdbsjy vbcsdbc lf vbcb j]f[bcfsdbc lf hjvtkcfw7 hjwf fewbkt,tkbf7
tvfnt,f cjwbfkehb epheydtk.jabc c[df cf[cht,b8 $8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc
eakt,f itmvyfc ghjatcbekb rfdibht,b lf itdbltc ghjatcbek rfdibht,ib
sfdbcb bynthtct,bc lfcfwfdfl8
ve[kb @$8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc lfcdtyt,bcf lf vjwfktj,bc eakt,f
cfveifj lqbc ujybdhekb itpqeldbcf lf fyfpqfeht,ekb gthbjlekb
idt,ekt,bc eakt,bc xfsdkbs8
ve[kb @%8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f /mjyltc w[jdht,bc bctsb
ljyt7 cfrdt,bc7 nfycfwvkbc7 ,bybc7 cfvtlbwbyj vjdkbcf lf cfzbhj

cjwbfkehb vjvcf[ehtj,bc xfsdkbs7 hjvtkbw fewbkt,tkbf sdbsjy vbcb
lf vbcb j]f[bc ]fyvhstkj,bcf lf rtsbklqtj,bc itcfyfhxeyt,kfl7 lf
eakt,f epheydtk.jabkb b.jc eveitdhj,bc7 fdflv.jaj,bc7 bydfkblj,bc7
mdhbdj,bc7 vj[ewj,ekj,bc fy vbcufy lfvjerblt,tk ufhtvjt,fsf ufvj
fhct,j,bc cfiefkt,fsf lfrfhudbc c[df itvs[dtdfib8 @8 ltlj,f lf xdbkb
.hvbc fcfrb b'ktdf ufycfresht,ekb vpheydtkj,bsf lf lf[vfht,bs
cfhut,kj,bc eakt,fc8 .dtkf ,fdidb7 lf,flt,ekb mjhobyt,fib se
mjhobyt,bc ufhtit7 eylf cfhut,kj,ltc thsyfbhb cjwbfkehb lfwdbs8
ve[kb @^8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc ufyfskt,bc eakt,f8 ufyfskt,f
lfo.t,bsb lf pjuflb vfbyw7 eafcj eylf b.jc8 lfo.t,bsb ufyfskt,f eylf
b.jc cfdfklt,ekj8 ntmybrehb lf ghjatcbekb ufyfskt,f eylf b.jc
[tkvbcfodljvb7 evfqktcb ufyfskt,f rb - thsfbhfl vbcfodljvb
.dtkfcfsdbc sbsjtekbc eyfhbcfv,th8 @8 ufyfskt,f vbvfhsekb eylf b.jc
flfvbfybc gbhjdyt,bc chekb ufydbsfht,bcf lf flvbfybc eakt,fsf 'bhbsfl
sfdbceakt,fsf gfnbdbcwtvbc uflblt,bcfrty8 ufyfskt,fv [tkb eylf
iteo.jc .dtkf [fk[bc7 .dtkf hfcj,hbdb se htkbubehb ]ueabc ehsbths
ufut,fc7 itvo.yfht,kj,fcf lf vtuj,hj,fc lf [tkb eylf iteo.jc
ufthsbfyt,ekb tht,bc jhufybpfwbbc vjqdfotj,fc vidblj,bc
itcfyfhxeyt,kfl8 #8 vij,kt,c fmds ghbjhbntnbc eakt,f fbhxbjy hf
cf[bc ufyfskt,fw cehs sfdbfysb vwbhtokjdfyb idbkt,bcfsdbc8
ve[kb @*8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f sfdbceakfl
vjyfobktj,ltc cfpjufljt,bc reknehek w[jdht,fib7 nr,t,jltc
[tkjdyt,bs7 vjyfobktj,ltc vtwybthek ghjuhtcib lf cfhut,kj,ltc vbcb
cbrtsbs8 @8 .dtkf flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f lfwekb b.jc vbcb vjhfkehb lf
vfnthbfkehb bynthtct,b7 hjujhw itltub bv vtwybthekb7 kbnthfnehekb
lf v[fndhekb yfihjvt,bcf7 hjvtksf fdnjhc bub ofhvjflutyc8
ve[kb @(8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc eakt,f bcts cjwbfkeh lf
cfthsfijhbcj otchbupt7 hjvkbc gbhj,t,ibw itcf'kt,tkbf fv
ltrkfhfwbfib xfvjsdkbkb eakt,fsf lf sfdbceakt,fsf vskbfyfl
ufy[jhwbtkt,f8
ve[kb @)8 !8 .jdtk flfvbfyc fmdc vjdfktj,fyb cfpjufljt,bc obyfit7
hflufy v[jkjl cfpjufljt,fibf itcf'kt,tkb vbcb gbhjdyt,bc
sfdbceafkb lf chekb ufydbsfht,f8 @8 sfdbcb eakt,fsf lf
sfdbceakt,fsf ufy[jhwbtkt,bcfc .jdtkb flfvbfyb eylf ufybwlbltc
v[jkjl bcts itpqeldt,c7 hjujhbw rfyjybsff lflutybkb vfhnjjlty bv
vbpybs7 hfsf epheydtk.jabk bmytc c[dt,bc eakt,fsf lf sfdbceakt,fsf
]thjdfyb fqbfht,f lf gfnbdbcwtvf lf lfrvf.jabkltc pytj,bc7
cfpjufljt,hbdb otchbubcf lf cfthsj rtsbklqtj,bc cfvfhskbfyb
vjs[jdyt,b ltvjrhfnbek cfpjufljt,fib8 #8 fv eakt,fsf lf
sfdbceakt,fsf ufy[jhwbtkt,f fhdbsfh itvs[dtfdib fh eylf
tobyffqvltut,jltc ufthsbfyt,ekb tht,bc jhufybpfwbbc vbpyt,cf lf
ghbywbgt,c8

ve[kb #_8 fv ltrkfhfwbfib fhfathb fh eylf ufybvfhnjc7 hjujhw
vbybzt,f hjvtkbvt cf[tkvobajcfsdbc7 gbhsf ]ueabcf se wfkrtekb
gbhjdyt,bcfsdbc eakt,bcf7 totjlyty bcts cfmvbfyj,fc fy xfblbyjy bctsb
vjmvtlt,f7 hjvkt,bw vbvfhsekbf fv ltrkfhfwbfib xfvjsdkbk eakt,fsf
lf sfdbceakt,fsf vjcfcgj,fl8